The island of apples which men call theFortunate Isle (Insula Pomorum quae Fortunata uocatur) gets its name from thefact that it produces all things of itself; the fields there have no need ofthe ploughs of the farmers and all cultivation is lacking except what natureprovides. Of its own accord it produces grain and grapes, and apple trees growin its woods from the close-clipped grass. The ground of its own accordproduces everything instead of merely grass, and people live there a hundredyears or more. There nine sisters rule by a pleasing set of laws those who cometo them from our country.
苹果岛，即人们所称幸运岛（Insula Pomorum quae Fortunata uocatur），得名因其自给自足；田地无需耕种，农人不必劳作，一切皆为自然之赐。大地自生百谷及葡萄，苹果树长于林间青翠沃土之间。且不止农牧，其地还满足一切所需，人们可于此地长久安居。九姐妹在此用愉悦之法治理自我国至此之民。
【亚米加：愉悦之法，还行】

3 Later medieval literature
3 后世中世纪文学
In Erec and Enide by Chrétien de Troyes, the consortof Morgan is the Lord of the Isle of Avalon, Arthur's nephew named Guinguemar(a derivative of the legendary Breton hero Guingamor). In Layamon's Brut,Arthur is taken to Avalon to be healed there (by means of magic water) by amore supernatural and distinctively Anglo-Saxon redefinition of Geoffrey'sMorgen: an elf queen of Avalon named Argante.
在克雷蒂安的《埃里克与伊妮德》【2】中，摩根乃阿瓦隆岛之主、亚瑟王之侄格林戈玛（衍生自布列塔尼传奇英雄冈加默）的配偶。在莱阿门的《不列颠编年史》中，亚瑟王被送至阿瓦隆后，被摩根（用魔水）治愈，而其中的摩根，在杰弗里笔下摩根的基础上，被重新界定得更加超自然、也更加独特，用盎格鲁—撒克逊语来说，是：一位名为阿尔冈特的阿瓦隆精灵女王。

Some later versions of the Arthurian legend(including the best-known, Le Morte d'Arthur by Thomas Malory) have Morgan (bythis time Arthur's sister in the narrative) and some other ladies (magicalqueens or enchantresses, sometimes with the Lady of the Lake among them; othermay include the Queens of Eastland, the Northgales, the Outer Isles, and theWasteland) arrive after the battle to take the mortally wounded Arthur fromCamlann to Avalon on a black boat. In the Spanish summary of the Post-VulgateRoman du Graal by Lope Garcia de Salazar, Morgan then uses her magic to hideAvalon in mist. Arthur's fate is usually left untold; in the Stanzaic MorteArthur (which influenced Malory), the Archbishop of Canterbury later receivesArthur's dead body and buries it at Glastonbury. Conversely, Stephen of Rouen'schronicle Draco Normannicus contains a fictional letter from King Arthur toHenry II of England, in which "Arthur" claims that he has been healedof his wounds and made immortal by his "deathless/eternal nymph"sister Morgan on Avalon, using the island's restorative herbs.

之后的一些亚瑟王传说的故事版本（包括最为著名的托马斯·马洛礼所著《亚瑟王之死》）中，摩根（这时期的叙述中，她是亚瑟王的姐姐）及其他仙女（魔女王或女巫，有时其中也伴随湖上仙女；其他作品中，也许还包括东土女王、北风女王、其他岛屿女王以及废土女王等）在卡姆兰之役后，赶来卡姆兰，以黑舟将身负重伤的亚瑟王从此地迎至阿瓦隆。在加西亚·德·萨拉查所撰《法兰西散文组诗》的西班牙概要《罗马圣杯》中，摩根此后运用其魔法将阿瓦隆隐藏在了迷雾之中。亚瑟王的命运并非时常被人所知，而在《亚瑟王之死诗选》中，坎特伯雷大主教之后得到了亚瑟王的遗体，并将其葬在了格拉斯顿伯里。鲁恩的斯蒂芬则相反地在他的编年史《龙之诺曼底》虚构了一封亚瑟王致英格兰亨利二世的信，信中“亚瑟王”声称自己的伤已被他的姐姐，“不死/不朽的仙女”摩根用阿瓦隆岛上的治愈之草治愈，并因此已获不朽。

Morgan also features as an immortal ruler of afantastic Avalon, sometimes alongside the still alive Arthur, in somesubsequent and otherwise non-Arthurian chivalric romances such as Tirant loBlanch, as well as the tales of Huon of Bordeaux,where Oberon is a son ofeither Morgan by name or "the Lady of the Secret Isle",and Ogier theDane, where Avalon can be a "castle". In his La Faula, Guillem deTorroella claims to have visited the Enchanted Island (Illa Encantada) and metArthur who has been brought back to life by Morgan and they both of them arenow forever young, sustained by the Holy Grail. In the chanson de geste LaBataille Loquifer, Morgan and her sister Marsion (Marrion) bring the heroRenoart to Avalon, where Arthur now prepares his return alongside Morgan,Gawain, Ywain, Percival and Guinevere. Such stories take place centuries afterthe times of King Arthur.
在一些后世文学，或与亚瑟王无关的骑士文学，比如《骑士蒂朗》中，摩根也被赋予过神秘阿瓦隆不朽之主的身份，有时陪伴于长生的亚瑟王身边，在波尔多的胡昂的传说中亦是如此，在这个故事中，奥伯龙则是摩根或“神秘岛仙女”之子，另外在《丹麦王子奥吉尔》中也有提及，其中阿瓦隆也许是一个城堡名称。
【列兵：疯狂出戏，奥伯龙！原来是你！还有丹麦王子奥吉尔……这位曾经是卡提那的持有者，卡提那嘛，目前是英国的王权象征之剑，嗯说到这里就差不多了，关于其他番的梗我就不吐槽了】
吉列姆·德·托罗拉在他的《传说》中宣称他曾拜访过这座魔岛，并见到了被摩根治愈的亚瑟王，他们二人均因圣杯永葆青春。在香颂曲《战斗》中摩根及其姐妹玛琳（马利翁）将英雄雷诺亚特带到了阿瓦隆，而此时亚瑟王正准备与摩根、高文、伊凡、帕西瓦尔及桂妮薇尔一同回归。这些故事都发生在亚瑟王的时代之后好几个世纪。
【列兵：王、王姐和王后，啊剩下俩侄子，加上和王没有亲戚关系但是不晓得为啥在阿瓦隆的帕西……这么多人挤在阿瓦隆，打麻将吗？要不要再叫个梅林啊？】
【亚米加：打麻将还行，等等加上梅林不是七个人了嘛，一桌麻将一桌斗地主？（不是】

4 Connection to Glastonbury
4 与格拉斯顿伯里的关联
Around 1190, Avalon became associated withGlastonbury, when monks at Glastonbury Abbey claimed to have discovered thebones of Arthur and Guinevere. The works of Gerald of Wales make the firstknown connection:
1190年前后，格拉斯顿伯里修道院的僧侣宣称发现了亚瑟王与桂妮薇儿的尸骨，阿瓦隆开始与格拉斯顿伯里有所关联。威尔士的杰拉德的作品是已知最早将它们联系起来的：

What is now known as Glastonbury was, inancient times, called the Isle of Avalon. It is virtually an island, for it iscompletely surrounded by marshlands. In Welsh it is called Ynys Afallach, whichmeans the Island of Apples and this fruit once grew in great abundance. Afterthe Battle of Camlann, a noblewoman called Morgan, later the ruler andpatroness of these parts as well as being a close blood-relation of KingArthur, carried him off to the island, now known as Glastonbury, so that hiswounds could be cared for. Years ago the district had also been called YnysGutrin in Welsh, that is the Island of Glass, and from these words the invadingSaxons later coined the place-name 'Glastingebury'.
如今我们可知，格拉斯顿伯里古称阿瓦隆岛。此处实为被沼泽所环绕的岛屿。在威尔士语里，它被称作YnysAfallach，意为苹果岛，此地曾经硕果繁盛。卡姆兰之役后，一位名为摩根的贵妇成为了此地的统治与赞助者，她与亚瑟王颇有亲缘关系，便将他带来这座岛屿，也就是如今我们所知的格拉斯顿伯里，以便照料，使其伤势痊愈。数年前，该地在威尔士语中，亦名为Ynys Gutrin，即草之岛，后来，入侵的萨克逊人便根据此名，杜撰了“格拉斯丁伯里”这一地名。

Though no longer an island in the 12th century,the high conical bulk of Glastonbury Tor had been surrounded by marsh beforethe surrounding fenland in the Somerset Levels was drained. In ancient times,Ponter's Ball Dyke would have guarded the only entrance to the island. TheRomans eventually built another road to the island.Gerald wrote thatGlastonbury's earliest name in Welsh was Ineswitrin (or Ynys Witrin), the Isleof Glass, a name noted by earlier historians which suggests that the locationwas at one point seen as an island.
尽管十二世纪此处已不再是岛屿，但在萨默塞特平原上的沼泽干涸之前，格拉斯顿伯里突岩上的高椎体仍被沼泽环绕。古时，庞特球堤守卫着岛屿唯一的入口。罗马人最终建造了另一条入岛之路。杰拉德写道，威尔士语中，格拉斯顿伯里最早的的名字是 Ineswitrin（或 Ynys Witrin），即草之岛，这个被早期历史学家记录之名表明此地曾一度被视为岛屿。

The discovery of the burial is described bychroniclers, notably Gerald, as being just after King Henry II's reign when thenew abbot of Glastonbury, Henry de Sully, commissioned a search of the abbeygrounds. At a depth of 5 m (16 feet) the monks were said to have discovered amassive treetrunk coffin and a leaden cross bearing the inscription:
Hic jacet sepultus inclitus rex Arturius ininsula Avalonia.
("Here lies entombed the renowned kingArthur in the island of Avalon.")
亚瑟王墓葬的发现经过被编年史家，尤其是杰拉德描述道，在亨利二世统治之后，格拉斯顿伯里的新修道院院长亨利·德·萨利下令搜查修道院的庭院之时。据说，在五米（十六英尺）深的地方，僧侣们发现了一口厚重的木棺，铅制十字架上载铭文：
Hic jacet sepultus inclitus rex Arturius ininsula Avalonia.
（“威名赫赫之亚瑟王葬于此阿瓦隆”）

Accounts of the exact inscription vary, withfive different versions existing. The earliest is by Gerald in Liber dePrincipis instructione c. 1193, who wrote that he viewed the cross in personand traced the lettering. His transcript reads: "Here lies buried thefamous Arthurus with Wenneveria his second wife in the isle of Avalon."Inside the coffin were two bodies, whom Giraldus refers to as Arthur and"his queen"; the bones of the male body were described as beinggigantic. The account of the burial by the chronicle of Margam Abbey says threebodies were found, the other being of Mordred.
确切铭文的记载各有不同，共有五个不同的版本。最早的记录在杰拉德的《君主教育之书》中，他写到他亲自查看了那个十字架，并将其文字誊写了下来。他的抄本如下：“威名赫赫之亚瑟王及其第二任妻子桂妮薇儿葬于此阿瓦隆。”在棺木中有两具尸身，杰拉德称其为亚瑟王及“其王后”；其中的男性尸骸被描述得十分魁梧。而根据马格姆修道院的记录，当时发现的尸骸共有三具，其中一具为莫德雷德。
【亚米加：等等等等，这信息量是不是有点大？？第二任妻子还行，还有小莫是什么意思，emmmmmm（啊话说我记得废死的文有用到第二任妻子的梗，没看过的强推Σ】

In 1278, the remains were reburied with greatceremony, attended by King Edward I and his queen, before the High Altar atGlastonbury Abbey. There, the site became the focus of pilgrimages until theEnglish Reformation.
1278年，在格拉斯顿伯里修道院的主祭坛上，这些残骸被配以盛大的祭礼重新下葬，爱德华一世及其王后出席祭典。自此，直到英格兰宗教改革，这个景点都是朝觐的焦点所在。


格拉斯顿伯里修道院遗址

The story is today seen as an example ofpseudoarchaeology. Historians today generally dismiss the authenticity of thefind, attributing it to a publicity stunt performed to raise funds to repairthe Abbey, which was mostly burned in 1184.
这一段过往如今被认作是伪考古学的典型。历史学家如今大多对这项发现的真实性不屑一顾，认为这不过是为了筹集资金修复在修道院的营销噱头，1184年，他们多半为了资金而焦头烂额。

The fact that the search for the body isconnected to Henry II and Edward I, both kings who fought major Anglo-Welshwars, has had scholars suggest that propaganda may have played a part as well.Gerald was a constant supporter of royal authority; in his account of thediscovery clearly aims to destroy the idea of the possibility of King Arthur'smessianic return:
事实上，这场对亚瑟王尸骸的搜寻与亨利二世及爱德华一世颇有关联，而这两位国王都参与过盎格鲁-威尔士之战，因而有学者认为，出于政治目的的宣传也在其中扮演了重要角色。杰拉德是王室权威的忠实拥趸，从他对这场发掘的记叙中便能明晰，其目的显然是摧毁亚瑟王如救世主般回归的可能性：
【列兵：哇，这些人是真的心脏】
【亚米加：毕竟是被亚瑟王怼的找不着北的蛮族人后裔（】

Many tales are told and many legends have beeninvented about King Arthur and his mysterious ending. In their stupidity theBritish [i.e. Welsh, Cornish and Bretons] people maintain that he is stillalive. Now that the truth is known, I have taken the trouble to add a few moredetails in this present chapter. The fairy-tales have been snuffed out, and thetrue and indubitable facts are made known, so that what really happened must bemade crystal clear to all and separated from the myths which have accumulatedon the subject.
许多故事或传奇或讲述、或虚构了亚瑟王及其不确定的结局。而愚蠢的不列颠人（包括威尔士人、康沃尔人与布列塔尼人）都认为他还活着。如今真相既然已经广为人知，我便费尽心力于本章中增添了一些细节。这些童话故事已被扼杀，而真实、不容置疑的真相已经为人所知，如今真相必须清晰地向所有人表明，并与这一主题上积累的神话相分离。
【列兵：没用的，老杰，随便你怎么说，我已经不相信你的话了】

The burial discovery ensured that in laterromances, histories based on them and in the popular imagination Glastonburybecame increasingly identified with Avalon, an identification that continuesstrongly today. The later development of the legends of the Holy Grail andJoseph of Arimathea by Robert de Boron interconnected these legends withGlastonbury and with Avalon, an identification which also seems to be made inPerlesvaus. The popularity of Arthurian romances has meant this area of theSomerset Levels has today become popularly described as the Vale of Avalon.
这一埋葬之地的发现确凿，基于这一事实，在后世的浪漫传奇、历史以及民众想象中，格拉斯顿伯里越来越多地与阿瓦隆联系在一起，这样的认知直至今日都十分强有力。之后有关于圣杯的传说故事发展趋势则如罗伯特·德·布伦在《亚马利太的约瑟夫》中所述一般，将阿瓦隆与格拉斯顿伯里关联起来，而这一认知也可见于在《帕西瓦尔》。这些亚瑟王传奇的盛行，意味着萨默塞特平原地区如今已被广泛地描述为阿瓦隆之谷了。

In more recent times, writers such as DionFortune, John Michell, Nicholas Mann and Geoffrey Ashe have formed theoriesbased on perceived connections between Glastonbury and Celtic legends of theOtherworld in attempts to link the location firmly with Avalon, drawing on thevarious legends based on Glastonbury Tor as well as drawing on ideas like Earthmysteries, Ley lines and even the myth of Atlantis. Arthurian literature alsocontinues to use Glastonbury as an important location as in The Mists ofAvalon, A Glastonbury Romance, and The Bones of Avalon. Even the fact thatSomerset has many apple orchards has been drawn in to support the connection.
在近现代，作家如迪恩·福瑞，约翰·米切尔，尼古拉斯·曼及杰弗里·阿斯都基于格拉斯顿伯里与凯尔特神话中的冥界之间的感知联系，利用基于格拉斯顿伯里突岩的数个传说，以及包括地球奥秘、灵脉和亚特兰蒂斯神话在内的一些概念，建立了一套理论，试图固化阿瓦隆与格拉斯顿伯里的位置关联。亚瑟王文学中也持续以格拉斯顿伯里作为重要之地，如《阿瓦隆的迷雾》、《格拉斯顿伯里传奇》、以及《阿瓦隆之骨》。事实上，甚而萨默塞特也有许多果园以支持这样的联系。

Glastonbury's connection to Avalon continues tomake it a site of tourism and the area has great religious significance forNeo-Pagans, Neo-Druids and as a New Age community, as well as Christians. Hippyidentification of Glastonbury with Avalon seen in the work of Michell and inGandalf's Garden also helped inspire the Glastonbury Festival.
格拉斯顿伯里与阿瓦隆的关系使其成为了一个旅游景点，这片地区对新异教徒，新德鲁伊，新时代组织，以及基督徒，都有着重大的宗教意义。米切尔以及甘道夫的花园的作品中，关于格拉斯顿伯里与阿瓦隆关联的嬉皮式认知对格拉斯顿伯里音乐节的诞生也颇具启发。

5 Other locationsfor Avalon
5 阿瓦隆的其他位置
In medieval times suggestions for the locationof Avalon ranged far beyond Glastonbury. They included paradisal underworldrealms equated with the other side of the Earth at the antipodes, Mongibel inSicily, and other unnamed locations in the Mediterranean.
中世纪，对阿瓦隆可能的位置讨论并不仅止于格拉斯顿伯里。还包括了地球另一边相对应的其他海域的天堂地狱之境，如西西里岛的梦吉贝尔，以及地中海其他不知名的地域。
In more recent times, just like in the questfor Arthur's mythical capital Camelot, a large number of locations have beenput forward as being the real "Avalon". Ashe suggests an associationof Avalon with the town of Avallon in Burgundy, as part of a theory connectingKing Arthur to the Romano-British leader Riothamus who campaigned in that area.
近代，正如对亚瑟王神话般的王城卡美洛的追寻一般，大量可能与阿瓦隆有关的地方都被踢了出来。阿斯认为阿瓦隆与勃艮第的阿瓦隆镇有关，这正是他将亚瑟王与在当地战斗的罗马-不列颠领袖里奥萨姆斯联系起来的理论的一部分。

Nightbringer 阿瓦隆部分
翻译：亚米加 一校：列兵 二校：T菌
The Isle ofApples
The islandlies in the centre of a great lake whose still waters gleam like blue steel,and are surrounded by dark forests. A hero slain in battle must find hispainful way through these forests until he reaches the shores of the lake,where a boat draped in black cloth awaits him with a mysterious woman sittingsilently at the helm.
岛坐湖心，浮光粼洵，灿若蓝钢，幽林环绕。英灵陨落战场，亦需遍历艰险通行森林，方始抵岸。有一神秘妇人，于遍覆黑布的小船上扶舵静坐，默候来者。

The boatglides across to the island without causing a ripple on the still waters, andas it approaches Avalon the hero's gaping wounds become whole again. With allhis manly vigour restored to him he steps onto the beautiful island, where the sunalways shines and rough weather is unknown. Orchards of apple trees laden withglowing fruit rise up from the water's edge, and as he walks amongst them thegrass is like a soft green lawn beneath his feet. Towards the centre of theisland there are green silent forests with flowery glades, filled with suchpeace as men will never know on earth.
小船滑向岛屿，湖面止水若镜，未起半分涟漪。及抵阿瓦隆，英灵身疮除愈，平复如故。其再度英气勃发，遂踏上这美丽的岛屿，该地阳光普照，狂风暴雨从未涉足此处。湖边果园，苹果树上硕果累累，他漫步其间，足下踏过草地，柔软仿若上等织物。岛屿之中，森林青翠静谧，林间遍地花丛，氤氲着世人不曾知晓的宁静。