爱因斯坦——对无神论的观点
信无神论的爱因斯坦？
度娘说要加上马赛克才不会抽贴
爱因斯坦真的很忙，因为要信基督，又要佛教，还有无神论
不过针对爱因斯坦信基督和信佛教的传说吧里已经有两个贴子辟谣了
参考吧里的精品帖：
爱因斯坦 说：圣经是个幼稚的原始传说集
http://tieba.baidu.com/p/2936001163
[辟谣] 爱因斯坦信仰佛教？
http://tieba.baidu.com/p/4246043588
爱因斯坦批评了基督教、又不信佛教，那爱因斯坦到底信什么？无神论？
肯定不是的。反对宗教（人格神）不等于就是无神论
爱因斯坦还曾经和无神论划清界线
1.
I have repeatedly said that in my opinion the idea of a personal God is a childlike one. You may call me an agnostic, but I do not share the crusading spirit of the professional atheist whose fervor is mostly due to a painful act of liberation from the fetters of religious indoctrination received in youth. I prefer an attitude of humility corresponding to the weakness of our intellectual understanding of nature and of our own being.
我重复的申明过很多次，我认为“个人上帝”这种想法是幼稚的。你或许可以称呼我为一名不可知论者，但是我与那些专业性的无神论者不同。我并没有他们那种急于要改革的精神。当他们从青年时的宗教教条束缚解脱时，那种所经历的痛苦造就了他们的激情，大部分是这样。我更倾向认为人类对自然和自身所理解的不足时应做出的一种谦逊态度。
- Albert Einstein, letter to Guy H. Raner Jr., Sept. 28, 1949, quoted by Michael R. Gilmore inSkeptic, Vol. 5, No. 2
2.
The bigotry of the nonbeliever is for me nearly as funny as the bigotry of the believer.
对于我来说，那些无信仰者的偏执和信徒的偏执一样的可笑。
- Albert Einstein, quoted in: Einstein's God - Albert Einstein's Quest as a Scientist and as a Jew to Replace a Forsaken God (1997)
3.
I received your letter of June 10th. I have never talked to a Jesuit priest in my life and I am astonished by the audacity to tell such lies about me. From the viewpoint of a Jesuit priest I am, of course, and have always been an atheist.
我在六月十日收到了你的来信。我这一生从来都没有和一名耶稣会信徒谈论过。我对这种关于我的厚颜无耻谎言表示惊讶。以耶稣会牧师的眼光来看待我的话，当然，我一直都是一名无神论者。
- Albert Einstein, letter to Guy H. Raner Jr, July 2, 1945, responding to a rumor that a Jesuit priest had caused Einstein to convert from atheism; quoted by Michael R. Gilmore in Skeptic, Vol. 5, No. 2
4.
In view of such harmony in the cosmos which I, with my limited human understanding, am able to recognize, there are yet people who say there is no God. But what really makes me angry is that they quote me for the support of such views.
在看待宇宙中的和谐秩序时，以我有限的人类理解能力，能够意识到，还没有人能够说没有上帝。但是真正让我感到生气的是，一些人为了支持这样的观点而经常引用我。
— Prince Hubertus zu Löwenstein, Towards the Further Shore (Victor Gollancz, London, 1968), p. 156; quoted in Jammer, p. 97
5.
I was barked at by numerous dogs who are earning their food guarding ignorance and superstition for the benefit of those who profit from it. Then there are the fanatical atheists whose intolerance is of the same kind as the intolerance of the religious fanatics and comes from the same source. They are like slaves who are still feeling the weight of their chains which they have thrown off after hard struggle. They are creatures who—in their grudge against the traditional "opium of the people"—cannot bear the music of the spheres. The Wonder of nature does not become smaller because one cannot measure it by the standards of human moral and human aims.
我被很多的狗犬吠过，而这些狗都以守卫无知和迷信来争取它们的食物，而无知和迷信却是某些人从之获得利益的源泉。然而，同样还有一群狂热的无神论者。他们的狭隘和宗教狂热信徒的狭隘一模一样。他们就像奴隶一样，仍然在感受着那沉重过的枷锁，而这个枷锁正是他们经过痛苦挣扎后扔掉的那把。他们是这样的一群生物，他们记恨那些传统的“人民鸦片”---无法容忍那“天体音乐”。自然的奇迹不会越来越小，因为人们无法以人类的道德和目的标准去测量它。
— Einstein to an unidentified adressee, Aug.7, 1941. Einstein Archive, reel 54-927, quoted in Jammer, p. 97
6.
You find it strange that I consider the comprehensibility of the world (to the extent that we are authorized to speak of such a comprehensibility) as a miracle or an eternal mystery. Well a priori one should expect a chaotic world which cannot be grasped by the mind in anyway. One could (yes one should) expect the world to be subjected to law only to the extent that we order it through our intelligence. Ordering of this kind would be like the alphabetical ordering of the words of a language. By contrast, the kind of order created by Newton's theory of gravitation, for instance, is wholly different. Even if the axioms of the theory are proposed by man, the success of such a project presupposes a high degree of ordering of the objective world, and this could not be expected a priori. That is the "miracle" which is being constantly re-enforced as our knowledge expands.
你可能会觉得我认为“人类对世界的理解（我们足以有资格说这种理解程度）是个奇迹或者是个永恒的迷”很奇怪。一个先验的想法会预期一种混沌的世界，一种无论如何也无法被我们的思维所理解的世界。我们可以（或者应该）预期世界会服从一种规律，而这种服从的程度是我们能够以我们的智力进行整理。而整理这样的事物会像整理一个语言中的单词字母顺序一样。作为对比，由牛顿的万有引力理论创造出的秩序则完全不同。即使理论中的各种定律是由人提出的，这类成功的工作中也会假定一个客观世界的高程度秩序，而这个是无法预期出一个先验的。这个就是随着我们的知识不断扩展时不断在加强的奇迹。
There lies the weaknesss of positivists and professional atheists who are elated because they feel that they have not only successfully rid the world of gods but "bared the miracles." (That is, explained the miracles. - ed.) Oddly enough, we must be satisfied to acknowledge the "miracle" without there being any legitimate way for us to approach it . I am forced to add that just to keep you from thinking that --weakened by age--I have fallen prey to the clergy …
而此时那些正在兴奋的实证主义者和专业无神论者的弱点就体现出来了，因为他们觉得他们不但除掉了世界中的各种神，而且也剥光了这种奇迹（也就是，解释了这种奇迹）。说来也奇怪，我们必须满足于承认这种奇迹，但没有任何合理的方法能令我们接近它。我在这里不得不加上以上的话，以防止你会认为我由于年老而已经成为神职人员的猎物了。
— From a letter to Maurice Solovine; see Goldman, p. 24
===============================================================
从以上爱因斯坦的话来看，不难看出爱因斯坦对无神论的敌意很强，但很多人却因为爱因斯坦反对宗教、人格神而误以为爱因斯坦是无神论的队友，but no，爱因斯坦并不想成为有神与无神争论之间的引用品。
度娘说要加上马赛克才不会抽贴
爱因斯坦真的很忙，因为要信基督，又要佛教，还有无神论
不过针对爱因斯坦信基督和信佛教的传说吧里已经有两个贴子辟谣了
参考吧里的精品帖：
爱因斯坦 说：圣经是个幼稚的原始传说集
http://tieba.baidu.com/p/2936001163
[辟谣] 爱因斯坦信仰佛教？
http://tieba.baidu.com/p/4246043588
爱因斯坦批评了基督教、又不信佛教，那爱因斯坦到底信什么？无神论？
肯定不是的。反对宗教（人格神）不等于就是无神论
爱因斯坦还曾经和无神论划清界线
1.
I have repeatedly said that in my opinion the idea of a personal God is a childlike one. You may call me an agnostic, but I do not share the crusading spirit of the professional atheist whose fervor is mostly due to a painful act of liberation from the fetters of religious indoctrination received in youth. I prefer an attitude of humility corresponding to the weakness of our intellectual understanding of nature and of our own being.
我重复的申明过很多次，我认为“个人上帝”这种想法是幼稚的。你或许可以称呼我为一名不可知论者，但是我与那些专业性的无神论者不同。我并没有他们那种急于要改革的精神。当他们从青年时的宗教教条束缚解脱时，那种所经历的痛苦造就了他们的激情，大部分是这样。我更倾向认为人类对自然和自身所理解的不足时应做出的一种谦逊态度。
- Albert Einstein, letter to Guy H. Raner Jr., Sept. 28, 1949, quoted by Michael R. Gilmore inSkeptic, Vol. 5, No. 2
2.
The bigotry of the nonbeliever is for me nearly as funny as the bigotry of the believer.
对于我来说，那些无信仰者的偏执和信徒的偏执一样的可笑。
- Albert Einstein, quoted in: Einstein's God - Albert Einstein's Quest as a Scientist and as a Jew to Replace a Forsaken God (1997)
3.
I received your letter of June 10th. I have never talked to a Jesuit priest in my life and I am astonished by the audacity to tell such lies about me. From the viewpoint of a Jesuit priest I am, of course, and have always been an atheist.
我在六月十日收到了你的来信。我这一生从来都没有和一名耶稣会信徒谈论过。我对这种关于我的厚颜无耻谎言表示惊讶。以耶稣会牧师的眼光来看待我的话，当然，我一直都是一名无神论者。
- Albert Einstein, letter to Guy H. Raner Jr, July 2, 1945, responding to a rumor that a Jesuit priest had caused Einstein to convert from atheism; quoted by Michael R. Gilmore in Skeptic, Vol. 5, No. 2
4.
In view of such harmony in the cosmos which I, with my limited human understanding, am able to recognize, there are yet people who say there is no God. But what really makes me angry is that they quote me for the support of such views.
在看待宇宙中的和谐秩序时，以我有限的人类理解能力，能够意识到，还没有人能够说没有上帝。但是真正让我感到生气的是，一些人为了支持这样的观点而经常引用我。
— Prince Hubertus zu Löwenstein, Towards the Further Shore (Victor Gollancz, London, 1968), p. 156; quoted in Jammer, p. 97
5.
I was barked at by numerous dogs who are earning their food guarding ignorance and superstition for the benefit of those who profit from it. Then there are the fanatical atheists whose intolerance is of the same kind as the intolerance of the religious fanatics and comes from the same source. They are like slaves who are still feeling the weight of their chains which they have thrown off after hard struggle. They are creatures who—in their grudge against the traditional "opium of the people"—cannot bear the music of the spheres. The Wonder of nature does not become smaller because one cannot measure it by the standards of human moral and human aims.
我被很多的狗犬吠过，而这些狗都以守卫无知和迷信来争取它们的食物，而无知和迷信却是某些人从之获得利益的源泉。然而，同样还有一群狂热的无神论者。他们的狭隘和宗教狂热信徒的狭隘一模一样。他们就像奴隶一样，仍然在感受着那沉重过的枷锁，而这个枷锁正是他们经过痛苦挣扎后扔掉的那把。他们是这样的一群生物，他们记恨那些传统的“人民鸦片”---无法容忍那“天体音乐”。自然的奇迹不会越来越小，因为人们无法以人类的道德和目的标准去测量它。
— Einstein to an unidentified adressee, Aug.7, 1941. Einstein Archive, reel 54-927, quoted in Jammer, p. 97
6.
You find it strange that I consider the comprehensibility of the world (to the extent that we are authorized to speak of such a comprehensibility) as a miracle or an eternal mystery. Well a priori one should expect a chaotic world which cannot be grasped by the mind in anyway. One could (yes one should) expect the world to be subjected to law only to the extent that we order it through our intelligence. Ordering of this kind would be like the alphabetical ordering of the words of a language. By contrast, the kind of order created by Newton's theory of gravitation, for instance, is wholly different. Even if the axioms of the theory are proposed by man, the success of such a project presupposes a high degree of ordering of the objective world, and this could not be expected a priori. That is the "miracle" which is being constantly re-enforced as our knowledge expands.
你可能会觉得我认为“人类对世界的理解（我们足以有资格说这种理解程度）是个奇迹或者是个永恒的迷”很奇怪。一个先验的想法会预期一种混沌的世界，一种无论如何也无法被我们的思维所理解的世界。我们可以（或者应该）预期世界会服从一种规律，而这种服从的程度是我们能够以我们的智力进行整理。而整理这样的事物会像整理一个语言中的单词字母顺序一样。作为对比，由牛顿的万有引力理论创造出的秩序则完全不同。即使理论中的各种定律是由人提出的，这类成功的工作中也会假定一个客观世界的高程度秩序，而这个是无法预期出一个先验的。这个就是随着我们的知识不断扩展时不断在加强的奇迹。
There lies the weaknesss of positivists and professional atheists who are elated because they feel that they have not only successfully rid the world of gods but "bared the miracles." (That is, explained the miracles. - ed.) Oddly enough, we must be satisfied to acknowledge the "miracle" without there being any legitimate way for us to approach it . I am forced to add that just to keep you from thinking that --weakened by age--I have fallen prey to the clergy …
而此时那些正在兴奋的实证主义者和专业无神论者的弱点就体现出来了，因为他们觉得他们不但除掉了世界中的各种神，而且也剥光了这种奇迹（也就是，解释了这种奇迹）。说来也奇怪，我们必须满足于承认这种奇迹，但没有任何合理的方法能令我们接近它。我在这里不得不加上以上的话，以防止你会认为我由于年老而已经成为神职人员的猎物了。
— From a letter to Maurice Solovine; see Goldman, p. 24
===============================================================
从以上爱因斯坦的话来看，不难看出爱因斯坦对无神论的敌意很强，但很多人却因为爱因斯坦反对宗教、人格神而误以为爱因斯坦是无神论的队友，but no，爱因斯坦并不想成为有神与无神争论之间的引用品。